Introduction

The finale is a rondo in all but name, driven by a 6/8 tarantella-like rhythm. Arnold unleashes the clarinet’s full virtuosity: rapid-fire tonguing, wide leaps from low E to high C, and playful cross-rhythms. The movement is a showcase of controlled chaos. A recurring “stamping” piano chord interrupts the flow, to which the clarinet responds with increasingly outrageous runs. There is a clear debt to the folk-inflected finales of Bartók and the neo-baroque gigues of Stravinsky. The coda accelerates to a Presto and ends with a brusque, almost rude, downward flourish—a final wink from the composer. The overall effect is exhilarating, leaving the audience breathless.

This movement provides the emotional core. Arnold marks it “freely, with expression.” The piano establishes a sparse, walking bass line reminiscent of a slow blues or a sarabande. Above it, the clarinet spins a long-breathed, melancholic melody that frequently dips into the chalumeau (low) register. The beauty here is tinged with irony—just as the melody reaches a moment of genuine pathos, a sharp dissonance or a rhythmic disruption intrudes. A central episode features a quasi-recitative for solo clarinet, a moment of vulnerable introspection before the piano re-enters with ghostly arpeggios. The movement closes not with resolution but with a questioning, half-lit chord that leads without pause into the finale.

The movement opens with a percussive, four-note piano motif (G–A–B♭–E), an acrid cell that will permeate the entire sonatina. The clarinet enters immediately with a leaping, syncopated theme full of angular intervals. Arnold treats the clarinet not as a lyrical instrument but as a rhythmic spearhead. The development section is a whirlwind of staccato articulation, hemiolas, and sudden dynamic contrasts ( subito piano after a sforzando). The movement’s “con brio” (with brilliance) is relentless; there is no true second subject, only a more cantabile but still restless idea in the relative major. The recapitulation compresses the material, ending with a snarling cadence that segues directly into the second movement.